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0580/41 May/Jun 2024, Question 1: Introduction to Percentages

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 0580 · Paper 41 (Extended) · Calculator · 15 marks

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The question, in short

Using a table of four rainforest areas in km², answer questions on percentages, ratios, combined percentages, total world area, rainforest loss in standard form, and bounds of river length differences.

Summarised in our own words. Use the official paper for the exact wording and any diagrams.

Part (ai) · 1 mark

Express the Valdivian area as a percentage of the Amazon area.

  1. 1250 000 ÷ 5 500 000 × 100
  2. 2= 4.545… ≈ 4.55%

Answer4.55 or 4.545…

Part (aii) · 2 marks

Give the ratio Valdivian : Atlantic : Congo in simplest form.

  1. 1250 000 : 1 315 000 : 2 000 000
  2. 2Divide each by 5000
  3. 3= 50 : 263 : 400

Answer50 : 263 : 400

Part (aiii) · 3 marks

Find the percentage of the Amazon in Brazil, Colombia and Peru combined, given 43 1/3% of the remainder is in Peru.

  1. 1Remaining = 100 − 60 − 10 = 30%
  2. 2Peru = 43 1/3% of 30 = 13%
  3. 3Total = 60 + 10 + 13 = 83%

Answer83

Part (aiv) · 3 marks

Given the Amazon is 27/50 of world rainforest area, calculate the world total to the nearest 100 000 km².

  1. 127/50 of total = 5 500 000
  2. 2Total = 5 500 000 ÷ 27 × 50 = 10 185 185…
  3. 3≈ 10 200 000 km²

Answer10 200 000

Part (av) · 3 marks

Given 60.7 hectares lost per minute, find the area lost in 365 days in standard form.

  1. 1Minutes in 365 days = 60 × 24 × 365 = 525 600
  2. 260.7 × 525 600 = 31 903 920
  3. 3= 3.190… × 10⁷ ≈ 3.19 × 10⁷ hectares

Answer3.19 × 10⁷ or 3.190… × 10⁷

Part (b) · 3 marks

Using lengths 6440 km (nearest 10 km) and 4400 km (nearest 100 km), calculate the upper bound of their difference.

  1. 1Upper bound of Amazon = 6440 + 5 = 6445
  2. 2Lower bound of Congo = 4400 − 50 = 4350
  3. 3Upper bound of difference = 6445 − 4350 = 2095 km

Answer2095

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